Arshad Mahmood Awan
Federalism is a system of government in which power is divided between a central authority and constituent political units. In the case of Pakistan, federalism is important for several reasons. Firstly, it helps accommodate the diverse ethnic, linguistic, and cultural groups within the country by allowing for regional autonomy. This can help in addressing grievances and promoting a sense of inclusion and representation among different groups. Secondly, federalism can also facilitate effective governance by allowing the national government to focus on national-level issues while delegating certain powers to provincial governments to address local concerns. Finally, federalism can serve as a check on central power, preventing authoritarianism and promoting a more balanced distribution of authority. Overall, federalism is important for Pakistan as it can contribute to stability, inclusivity, and effective governance.
The events leading up to and during the Pashtun Tahaffuz Movement’s (PTM’s) Jirga in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KP) were marked by a series of unexpected developments that left observers intrigued. Initially, security forces launched an assault on the Jirga venue in Jamrud, resulting in the tragic loss of four lives. This use of force was later deemed unnecessary, sparking criticism and controversy.
Federal Interior Minister Mohsin Naqvi vehemently condemned the PTM, alleging that they incited violence against the state and subsequently announced a ban on the movement, effectively prohibiting the Jirga from taking place. However, in a surprising turn of events, Mr. Naqvi, along with KP Chief Minister Ali Amin Gandapur, reversed the ban, allowing the Jirga to proceed and even permitting political parties to participate. This unexpected reversal left many surprised.
The PTM serves as a platform for the people of KP, particularly the tribal regions, to voice their grievances stemming from the impact of terrorism and anti-terrorism operations conducted by security forces over the past two decades. The movement’s leader, Manzoor Pashteen, highlighted the devastating consequences suffered by the Pashtuns, including the displacement of 5.7 million people, over 76,000 fatalities, and the destruction of thousands of homes and mosques. Pashteen also criticized the exploitation of natural resources in KP and Balochistan without benefiting the local populace.
Furthermore, Pashteen demanded the withdrawal of security forces and terrorist groups from tribal areas within 60 days, proposing the formation of an unarmed Pashtun Milli Lashkar to maintain peace. Notably, voices from various political parties, including PTI, Awami National Party (ANP), and Pakistan People’s Party (PPP), expressed strong support for the Jirga. Dr. Mahrang Baloch, a prominent advocate for the rights of bereaved families in Balochistan, also made a compelling case for the safe return or fair trial of missing persons.
Dr. Mahrang Baloch’s unwavering advocacy for human rights and justice has earned her international recognition, yet she faced obstacles when attempting to travel to New York for a prestigious event. Her subsequent indictment on terrorism charges following her detention at Karachi airport raises concerns about the treatment of dissenting voices by the state. These actions risk alienating the youth of affected Pashtun and Baloch communities, potentially driving them towards the very forces they are accused of supporting.
In failing to address the grievances of peaceful movements like PTM and BYC, the state runs the risk of undermining the faith of disillusioned youth in the pursuit of justice through peaceful means. This could inadvertently fuel the very forces the state seeks to counter, ultimately perpetuating a cycle of unrest and discontent.
