Dr Tehreem Fatima
Criticism is expressing an opinion or judgment about the merits or faults of a literary work or its author. Criticism can also refer to analyzing or evaluating a work of literature based on specific criteria or theories. Criticism can positively and negatively affect literature, depending on how it is done and received.
It can help readers to appreciate and understand literary work better by providing insights, interpretations, and contexts. It can also help writers improve their craft by receiving feedback, suggestions, and challenges from critics. Then, it can help literature to develop and evolve by introducing new perspectives, methods, and genres. It can help literature to reflect and respond to the social, cultural, and historical issues of its time by engaging in dialogue and debate with critics.
Then, it can be biased, subjective, or unfair by imposing personal preferences, agendas, or ideologies on the literary work or its author.
Furthermore, attacking, ridiculing, or dismissing the literary work or its author can be harsh, destructive, or discouraging. It can also be limiting, reductive, or misleading by ignoring, oversimplifying, or misrepresenting the complexity and diversity of the literary work or its author.
It can also be irrelevant, outdated, or obsolete by failing to adapt to readers’ and writers’ changing trends, tastes, and expectations.
Literary criticism is a broad and diverse field that deals with interpreting, analyzing, and evaluating literary works. Many features of literary criticism can be compared and contrasted, such as:
The purpose of literary criticism: Some critics aim to appreciate and enjoy literature, while others aim to challenge and critique it. Some critics focus on the aesthetic and artistic aspects of literature, while others focus on the social and political aspects. Some critics seek to understand the author’s intention and context, while others seek to explore the reader’s response and perspective.
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The methods of literary criticism: Some critics use historical and biographical information to illuminate the meaning and significance of a literary work1. Some critics use moral and philosophical principles to judge the value and quality of a literary work. Some critics use various theories and frameworks to analyze the structure and style of a literary work. Some critics use personal experience and intuition to express their feelings and opinions about a literary work.
There are many types or genres of literary criticism, such as formalism, structuralism, psychoanalysis, feminism, Marxism, postcolonialism, ecocriticism, etc. Each type has its assumptions, concepts, and vocabulary to approach literature from a different angle. Each type also has its own strengths, weaknesses, and limitations in addressing different aspects of literature.
The effects of literary criticism are also manifold. Literary criticism can positively and negatively affect literature and its readers. On the one hand, literary criticism can enhance the appreciation and understanding of literature by providing insights, interpretations, and contexts. It can also improve the craft and creativity of writers by offering feedback, suggestions, and challenges. It can also develop and evolve literature by introducing new perspectives, methods, and genres. On the other hand, literary criticism can also be biased, subjective, or unfair by imposing personal preferences, agendas, or ideologies on literature. It can also be harsh, destructive, or discouraging by attacking, ridiculing, or dismissing literature. It can also be limiting, reductive, or misleading by ignoring, oversimplifying, or misrepresenting the complexity and diversity of literature. It can also be irrelevant, outdated, or obsolete by failing to adapt to the changing trends, tastes, and expectations of readers and writers.
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