Editorial
As Pakistan gears up for its upcoming general elections on February 8, 2024, the political landscape is abuzz with activity, with diverse political parties jockeying for public support and forming alliances across the country. Amidst this vibrant political environment, a range of issues and slogans are taking center stage, from programmatic concerns to those focused on “naming and shaming” political opponents.
One notable trend emerging from this political discourse is the renewed advocacy by certain political parties for the reversal of the 18th Constitutional Amendment, a landmark piece of legislation enacted in April 2010. Proponents of this reversal argue that the Amendment has undermined the country’s federal system and strengthened the role of provincial governments at the expense of the federal government.
The 18th Constitutional Amendment was a product of extensive discussions and consensus among various political parties in the Parliament. Its proponents maintain that the Amendment cleansed the Constitution of undemocratic additions and deletions made over time, restoring its original intent and strengthening Pakistan’s democratic foundations.
A key aspect of the 18th Amendment was the decentralization of authority and responsibility, empowering provincial governments to take on a more active role in governance. While this decentralization process has faced resistance from certain bureaucratic elements, it has also led to positive developments, such as the creation of new institutional frameworks and the strengthening of provincial capacities.
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The Amendment’s impact on public health and education sectors deserves particular attention. Historically, these sectors have fallen under the purview of provincial governments. However, the 18th Amendment explicitly reaffirmed this provincial responsibility, ensuring that public health and education remain under the control of the units rather than the federal government.
Overall, the 18th Constitutional Amendment stands as a significant milestone in Pakistan’s constitutional history. It represents a step towards strengthening the federation by empowering provincial governments and fostering greater democratic participation. While challenges remain in implementing the Amendment’s decentralization principles, its overall impact has been positive, contributing to a more robust and coherent democratic process for Pakistan.
In the upcoming general elections, the Pakistani electorate should hold political parties accountable for their stances on the 18th Constitutional Amendment. Rather than succumbing to the wishes of a select few, political parties must prioritize programmatic appeals and focus on citizens’ welfare, aligning their actions with democratic norms and values. This shift will pave the way for a more inclusive and vibrant democracy in Pakistan, one that truly embodies the aspirations of its people.
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